Employment Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Employment Law - Essay Example US law emphasizes upon Equal opportunity employment and in this vein there are a number of Federal Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Laws consisting of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII) which prohibit employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. In a similar vein the Equal Pay Act of 1963 (EPA), ensures the prevention of sex-based wage discrimination, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA), which was promulgated for the protection of individuals who are 40 years of age or older. Disabled individuals are protected under Title I and Title V of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), which is aimed at the prevention of employment discrimination against disabled individuals who are skilled in the private and public sector. Furthermore sections 501 and 505 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 are in a similar spirit thereby protecting employees from disability discrimination in federal law and the Civil Ri ghts Act of 1991 provides for monetary redressal for complaints of intentional employment discrimination. Together these laws prohibit the discriminatory practices involving the hiring dismissal, recruitment through advertising, job testing, access to pay, benefits, facilities and retirement and disability on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability, or age. This involves retaliatory action against individuals for complaining discriminatory practices, stereotypes.

The imaginative landscape Essay Example for Free

The imaginative landscape Essay It is human nature to long to belong, to fit neatly and comfortably into a familiar niche. It allows for a foundation, on which to build upon. It often nurtures us, but sometimes, as our ever static identities develop, we surpass it. We out grow it. It is when we are sheltered and content, that the prospect of leaving or letting go is most difficult, as we must uproot ourselves. In order to keep our roots, which are so deeply buried in our foundation, we simulate our previous, traditional landscapes, in order to keep them alive. Through language, tradition and others, we can partially re-create traditional landscapes. As immigrants of the same nationally huddle together in a suburb-an island of familiarity in a sea of strangeness- in the hope that it might be something like is was before. Some wish to keep their cultures and traditions sacred and unaltered by treasuringthe recent past, simultaneously blinding themselves from being open to new traditions; as in the case of Old James. This leaves him to feel isolated, having no place to re establish his roots, stifling further growth. Old James is malcontented that Young James, disparate from his family, will not settle his roots in Ettrick Valley; go[ing] on and not remember[ing] a thing of Scotland. Young James, and those who follow him will have not emotional affiliation with Scotland, simply, knowing that it is the place of his ancestors orirgons. Like many others, tradition and culture of those gone before is lost, only to forge new ones, and a new foundation and a different sense of belonging.

History and Structure of Venice Essay -- Italy Europe Papers

History and Structure of Venice Problems with format ?Venice is one of the most fascinating places to travel in Europe.? Its intrigue lies in its unique beginnings, its dominant past, and its remarkable people and their buildings.? Its foundation is unique because of the need for protection that drove the early Venetians to their new home and the location of this new dwelling-place:? ?Rarely in human history has a vigorous and progressive civilization arisen in a less likely place than the mud flats of the Venetian lagoon.?1? Venice rose to power by its domination of the sea and reached its climax during the years of the Renaissance.? It is during this time period that it truly became ?the bride of the Adriatic and the unchallenged mistress of the Mediterranean.?2? This collection of small islands connected by canals and small strips of land became the home of an independent people and its architecture makes Venice ?a symbol of beauty.?3 ? Geography and Foundation The city of Venice is located at the far north of the Adriatic Sea, in what Dr. Timothy Fehler of Furman University calls ?the armpit of Italy.?4? Venice is situated on a chain of marshy islands protected from the Adriatic Sea by the Lidi, the sandbar-like islands further out in the water.? In describing the body of water Venice is located in, Horatio Brown states, ?Perhaps no piece of water in the world is more remarkable than this hundred and eighty-four square miles of Venetian lagoon.?5 because ?the lagoon is not a lake, still less is it a swamp, nor is it like the open sea.?6? At low tide the marshy islands of the lagoon are exposed, and at high tide Venice appears to be alone on the sea.? Lane describes the lagoon as ?mostly open water with a cluster of sma... ... Davis, 68. 28. Davis, 89. 29. Davis, 96. 30. Howard, 178. 31. Davis, 100. 32. Davis, 99. 33. Davis, 117. 34. Davis, 123. 35. Davis, 127. 36. Howard, 15. Bibliography Brown, Horatio F.? In and Around Venice.? New York:? Charles Scribner?s Sons, 1905. Davis, John H.? Venice.? Edited by the Newsweek Book Division.? New York:? Newsweek, 1973. Fehler, Timothy.? Furman University, Greenville.? 20 March 2003. Howard, Deborah.? The Architectural History of Venice.? New York:? Holmes & Meier Publishers, Inc., 1981. Lane, Frederic C.? Venice:? A Maritime Republic.? Baltimore:? The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1973. Wiel, Alethea.? Venice.? New York:? G.P. Putnam?s Sons, 1894. Yriarte, Charles.? Venice:? Its History, Art, Industries, and Modern Life.? Philadelphia:? Henry T. Coates & Co., 1986.

A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man - The Powerful Female :: A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man

The Powerful Female Character in Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man    One of the most powerful nuances of any writing is the dialogue within the story. In literature, it is all too often that characters live only in the jaded voice of the author and never truly develop as their own, or are not strongly opinionated in a manner which contrasts the opinions of the writer. It is also unfortunately true that the women depicted in most male-authored literature do not often sound realistic, or how most women one would speak to in the course of the day tend to sound. All too often, women are depicted on a lower level of speech than men. For instance, Dickens and Arthur Miller both apparently subscribed to this notion, as the women in their stories were usually more passive, and not as elaborate as men in their speech, however, James Joyce did not see things in the same light. The most developed female character in Joyces A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, is one who speaks with dignity, passion, and the female tact which is all too often ignored in the c haracters of women. Joyce's Dante Riordan's words and thoughts are true to those of literate twentieth century women.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Although a short-lived character in Portrait, Dante Riordan, in a brief amount of time emits an apparently important and mysterious aura, the aura of a woman. Judging from the studies of twentieth century linguists, Joyce's brief representation of Dante through speech is nearly flawless. To more lucidly understand this, one must carefully examine some of the instances at which Dante speaks in her conversation with Mr. and Mrs. Dedalus, Charles, and Mr. Casey, and re-examine the arguments she makes. Dante is introduced into the dinner table conversation as a silent character. However, when the men's conversation turns to the misuse of the preacher's pulpit, Dante begins her interjections.   Ã‚  Ã‚   All too often, women in literature remain linguistically dormant unless called upon, however, studies conducted in the reality outside the covers of a book have shown that women will interrupt a conversation to contradict a previous speaker, and do so vehemently (Coates, 193). A nice answer for any man calling himself a catholic to give to his priest, (Joyce, 273) states Dante as her first response.   Ã‚  Ã‚   At this point, Dante has drawn herself into the conversation.

Film and Persepolis

Persepolis is an animated film directed by MarJane Satrapi and Vincent Paronnaud. The film was based on the novel Persepolis written by MarJane Satrapi. It followed the storyline of the book. It showed the life of MarJane Satrapi growing up during the Iranian Cultural Revolution. Persepolis was very vibrant to look at with stunning visuals in its black and white animated style. The whole film was an emotional roller coaster ride from MarJane being extremely happy and in love to her homeless on the streets of Vienna. It held your interest from start to finish.The film garnered critical cclaim from its critics and it was nominated for several prestigious awards. It also did well in the box office by recording a fifteen million dollar profit. I thought that the film was very good myself and it really gave viewers an interesting look at the revolution. I thought that Persepolis was a very good movie. It was a coming of age film about MarJane growing up during the Iranian Cultural Revolut ion. It showed her vibrant personality and how she grew up to become the successful author and film director she is today.The whole film is done in an animation style and I really think this elped the film a lot. It gave the film a sense of originality and it was a big change from the things we normally see in films nowadays. Without the film being in an animation form I think that a lot would have been taken away from it. A lot of Persepolis' glamor came from the fact that it was animated. The animation helped viewers become more emotionally attached to MarJane. With this being said I thought Persepolis had a very good mix of drama, comedy, somber moments and it kept you interested throughout.I don't have any criticisms about the film at all. There wasn't ne point in the movie where I was bored, confused or Just uninterested in anyway. It was honestly one of the best movies IVe recently seen and I thoroughly enjoyed it. All of the movie reviews that I have seen online have been ver y good. From RottenTomatoes to New York Times movie reviews all of the reviews have been good. At RottenTomatoes the film had an extremely high percentage of critics that liked it at 97 percent. The New York Times called the film â€Å"a perfect expression of imagination† and Empire praised the film calling it â€Å"stark and beautiful†.I agree with most if not all of the movie reviews that IVe seen. The reviews all praised the movie for being able to have very smooth changes in mood and for its sharp visuals. Persepolis debuted at the 2007 Cannes film festival where it won multiple awards including the very prestigious Jury Prize. It then went on to achieve the most prestigious award at the London film festival by winning the Southerland trophy. In an interview with Moviefone a few days after Persepolis was released Satrapi explained why they decided to keep the film in the animated condition it was in in the novel.She explained that she didn't know how to type and sh e and Paronnaud ere more into art and drawing anyway. Satrapi stated in the interview that she and Paronnaud were not technical people (Satrapi 1). This is a reason that the film was in the format it was in. I think that keeping the comic book look helped the film a lot. It gave it a sense of originality and it allowed them to make funny over the top animations. The whole script was written in pencil by Parronaud and Satrapi because they didn't know now to use computers. I thought ith the whole vibe ot the movie.I thought that Persepolis was a very refreshing movie given the types of ovies that we see now. It had a little bit of everything. In the New York Times review of the film they agreed with my point that I made earlier about the animation greatly helping the movie. New York Times writer A. O Scott said that â€Å"if â€Å"Persepolis† had been a conventional memoir rather than a graphic novel, Ms. Satrapi's account of her youth in pre- and post-revolutionary Iran would not have been quite as moving or as marvelous† (Scott 1). I agree with this quote one hundred percent. As I stated earlier, the animation really helped Persepolis move along as a movie.I think that without the animation Persepolis would have been a boring movie and it wouldn't be relevant. This isn't to say that the storyline isn't good or well thought out I Just think that it wouldn't have been as successful or touching with real life actors portraying the roles. The review really seemed to praise the animation of Persepolis a lot. Scott claimed that the visuals of Vienna and Tehran turned the â€Å"geography into poetry' (Scott 1). He also praised the fact that Persepolis isn't an animated children's movie and that it's nice to see an animated movie being ble to have so much meaning.The rest of the review praised the movie for its moving characters and the great Jobs that Chiara Mastroianni, Catherine Deneuve and Danielle Darrieux did voice acting for the main characters o f the film. He said that Sony did a great Job by getting the movie voice acted into English because had it just been subtitled to English it would of took away from the authenticity of the film. All in all A. O Scott's review of the film was highly positive. He had no criticisms about the film. Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian gave the film a very high review.His movie review was also very similar to my thoughts on the film. The visuals really helped the film according to Bradshaw Persepolis â€Å"funny and moving with a bracingly authentic feel, reproducing the graphic work with broad, bold strokes and a depth-of-field effect achieved with a recessive series of two-dimensional planes, like the ocean waves at the back of a panto set† (Bradshaw 1). I agreed with most of the comments that Bradshaw had for the movie. He thought that Persepolis was a fresh original story and it was told in a way that a story hasn't been told before.I thought it was nteresting that Bradshaws only cr iticism of the film was something that Scott had praised about the film earlier. Bradshaw didn't think that the English dubbed version was that good. He thought that Chiara Mastroianni and Catherine Deneuve both struggled with the voice acting and you can hear there heavily accented English accents. All in all Peter Bradshaw really liked Persepolis and his only criticism was a very minor one. Helen O' Hara of Empire magazine gave the film four out of five stars. She seemed to enjoy the visuals but not as much as Bradshaw and Scott did.She praised the film ore for its storyline did she did that animation. O' Hara really enjoyed MarJane as a young girl by stating â€Å"Mar]ane-as-a-child is one of the most appealing characters in years, happy to embrace new ideas like the latest Igglepiggle and believing herself, briefly, to be a prophet appointed by God† (O' Hara 1). I thought that O' Hara's interview went the deepest into the actual storyline and characters of the movie rathe r than the visuals. She really liked the film for the roller coaster of emotions that it sent you on and as I stated earlier sne really enjoyed Mar]ane as a character.O Hara also gave the animation good words. She thought that it was a real change from the incredible animations that we see nowadays in movies like Shrek but Persepolis pulled it off flawlessly. O' Hara made this point by saying â€Å"The monochrome animation is stark and beautiful, and MarJane's an appealing narrator. Often hilarious, sometimes tragic, this may be low-tech, but it's high-class† (O' Hara 1). I think that this is the perfect way to sum up Persepolis in one sentence. CNN's Tom Charity also gave the film very high praise. He thought the visuals were mazing and he also enjoyed the characters and the storyline a lot.He thought that Persepolis should of won an Oscar that year and he really enjoyed the originality of the film. I think that Charity enjoyed every aspect of the film more than any other pe rson who reviewed the film. He loved the characters the animation and the storyline. As with all the other reviews the main aspect of the article was Persepolis's visual animations. Charity claimed that â€Å"†Persepolis† has some of the blithe, spindly finesse of a New Yorker cartoon, but a cartoon that at any given moment threatens to escend into inky expressionist gloom† (Charity 1).He really seemed to enjoy the throwback feel that Persepolis had and he thought that the film gave homage to Disney's earliest days. Charitys review gave me another viewpoint on Persepolis as a film. I never thought of the movie as a moving New Yorker cartoon or homage to some of Disney's earliest films. This made me appreciate the movie even more than I already did. When list. com writer James Mottram interviewed Satrapi we were able to get an insight into what Satrapi's meaning of the film was and how successful she thought he film would be in America.Satrapi stated she didn't lik e the film being called an autobiography because â€Å"An autobiography is a book that people write to solve the problems with those around them. They don't dare to say things to their family and friends, so they decide to write in revenge. That is not what I did. † (Mottram 1) I thought that the film was an autobiography as well but Satrapi made the film so I guess she knows best. Later in the interview Satrapi explains that she thought the film would be successful in the United States. She claimed that the average American erson wasn't â€Å"ignorant and dumb†.I think that MarJane's attitude and demeanor in her real life interviews really reflects her character in Persepolis. The interview mainly focused on the hard work that it took to make Persepolis. MarJane stated that she thought â€Å"all of her animators would do the work and she would end up rich and famous† but this wasn't the case. She said she was the first one there and the last one to leave every day but her hard work paid off. This was shown by her 15 million dollar profit. All in all I thought that Persepolis was a fantastic movie and the reviews I have ead have agreed with me.The visuals were stunning and the characters were very easy to connect with. It was the most interesting autobiography that I have ever seen and it taught me a lot about a topic that I didn't know anything about. I think that Persepolis was close to flawless as a movie can get. There were no serious complaints about it from anyone and I couldn't even find a bad review for it on the internet or anywhere else. Persepolis shows that thinking out of the box can really pay off if it's done right, and I think it really should motivate people to follow their visions.

Blatantly and patently

Blatantly and patently Blatantly and patently Blatantly and patently By Maeve Maddox A reader says I get blatantly and patently confused, always thinking that blatantly (obvious) is about the argument being very clear, however in the media I hear patently? The adverb patently [pÄ tnt-lÄ“] means openly, obviously, clearly. It derives from the noun patent [Br pÄ tnt, US pÄÆ'tnt], a term that originally referred to an open letter or document as in Letters Patent. The general descriptive sense of open to view, plain, clear is first recorded c.1500 (The adjective patent is pronounced [pÄ tnt] by both British and US speakers.) He says the report in NYT†¦ was â€Å"patently false.† He was patently blessed. This is just more patently absurd stuff about software patents†¦ The adverb blatantly comes from a word coined by Edmund Spenser in his allegory The Faerie Queen. He created a thousand-tongued monster to represent the vice of Slander and called it the blatant beast. Blatant came to mean noisy in an offensive and vulgar way. The current sense of obvious, glaringly conspicuous dates from 1889. How do I fire my trustee? He is blatantly self-dealing has breached his fiduciary duty numerous ways. Track announcer says he was blatantly biased during his call of the Breeders Cup Classic, Although he was blatantly on drugs, the crowd still cheered him In this example, the writer may have meant blatantly: [The script] is patently gross and offensive. Both words mean obviously, but the word patently does not necessarily convey a sense of disapproval. Blatantly is used when the trait or action described is seen as despicable. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Capitalize Animal and Plant NamesDoes "Mr" Take a Period?A Yes-and-No Answer About Hyphenating Phrases

The eNotes Blog On Following Your Passion Interview with YumiSakugawa

On Following Your Passion Interview with YumiSakugawa Yumi Sakugawa is a writer and illustrator located in Los Angeles, CA. She works with as our primary illustrator, and has published two books,  I Think Im in Friend-Love With You  and  Your Illustrated Guide to Becoming One with the Universe. Her work is sincere and ethereal, striking a   balance between poignant and peculiar. We are obviously fans- but we think youll enjoy her perspective and her answers from our quick chat with her. When did you first become interested in drawing and writing comics? Were you a student that doodled in the margins of your notebooks? Ive always loved drawing, writing and making up stories ever since I was maybe five or six years old. And yes, much to the constant exasperation of all my teachers, I was a student who doodled way too much in the margins of my notebooks. What was it like the first time you were published? How old were you, and what do you remember most about the experience? My first published book  I Think Im in Friend-Love With You  came out in 2014. I was 29-years-old. It had always been a bucket list item of mine to have a published book before turning 30, so seeing my book in bookstores was and is a very gratifying experience. What comes first when developing your comics, the words, or the illustrations? Do you think there’s a particular reason for this order? Is it contingent upon the project? It varies project by project. Sometimes the imagery comes first, sometimes the words come first. With every story, it is whatever feels the most intuitive. It appears that much of your work relies on your own proximate relationship with the universe, how do you interpret your personal spirituality and apply it to your artwork. Are there particular objects or moments that you feel best represent your perspective on spirituality? I once had this surreal spiritual experience when I was 23-years-old, sitting on the ground outdoors, and looking up at a moon slowly moving across the length of the night sky. Suddenly I had an image of a divine figure pushing the moon with the tip of his or her celestial fingertips and I was so blown away by that concept for a few moments I felt the boundaries between myself and the rest of the universe completely vanish. I always go back to that moment when I think about what spirituality and art mean to me. It is all about interconnectedness and being an ocean as opposed to an island. How did you get your start as a writer/artist? Did anyone in particular influence you? I made a bunch of comics and kept sharing them on the internet or through self-published zines until one day I happened to accidentally create a web comic that went viral which eventually lead to the publication of my first book. Alex and Ann Chiu are an awesome artist couple now based in Portland who first introduced me to zine culture. We love your books I Think I am in Friend-Love with You and Your Illustrated Guide to Becoming One with the Universe, they seem to be equal parts honest and surreal. What artists have influenced you the most, and how have you been able to define your own style as an artist? I dont know if I really have an answer for how to define your own style as an artist. You keep making work that feels the most honest to you, and from there your own unique voice and perspective subconsciously emerge from the act of making work over and over again. Haruki Murakami, Aimee Bender, Ray Bradbury, Miranda July, Adrian Tomine, Jillian Tamaki, Michael DeForge, Moto Hagio, Inka Essenhigh are some of the many artists, cartoonists and writers off the top of my head whom I consider to be an influence. As the primary illustrator for , you must have a pretty vast knowledge of the written works we have study guides for, do you have any favorite illustrations of books that you’ve done for the site? If so, what are they, and why do you like them so much? I really like the image I came up with for  Catcher in the Rye. I love stories about adolescent coming-of-age. Where do you see yourself in five years? What long-term goals do you have set? I hope to still be living in Los Angeles, but with a house and a backyard so that I can finally own a dog. That, and still be making comics and art. The Everyday eNoter’s bookshelf is always full, what’s your current favorite read? Why? My favorite book Ive read all year so far is  The First Bad Man  by Miranda July. It is weird, intensely honest, and mesmerizing from beginning to end. It feels like a punch in the heart. What’s the best advice you’ve ever received from a professor or teacher? A writing mentor of mine once said, Just get it done. What advice can you give the students that use about pursuing their dreams? Just get it done. Also, meditate every day for 20 minutes. Looking back, what advice would you give your freshman self? I dont know, with the time travel paradox and all that, I think Ill just let my freshman self do her own thing. Im pretty content with how things are in my life right now! And finally, what’s your go-to music/soundtrack for working/writing? Indie rock and moody instrumentals from the early 00s because my music tastes are eternally frozen in my college years. To learn more about Yumi and her artwork and books, visit  her website and follow her on  Instagram  and Twitter. Also, be sure to check out 20 Illustrations of Shakespeare Quotes where we showcase her Shakespeare play scene illustrations.

British Airways, an Airline Case Study

British Airways, an Airline Case Study Free Online Research Papers The British Airways is considered to be the flag carrier airline of the United Kingdom based at Waterside close to its major hub, the London Heathrow Airport. The BA is considered to be the largest airline in the UK on basis of fleet size, flights and destinations. BA was formed in the Year 1974 by combining two large London based airlines, the BOAC (British Overseas Airways Corporation) and BEA (British European Airways Corporation), and two other small regional airlines. 13 years later the company was privatized and the company acquired other airlines to combine the growing fleet. Case Objectives To give a broad overview of the airline industry. To understand how a loss making unit can be turned around. To appreciate the importance of efficient operations in the airline industry. To gain insights into how a service company can build its brand. To understand the issues involved in the globalization of an airline, in particular government regulations. To understand how airlines use strategic alliances to expand their network. To appreciate the importance of people in the service industry. Strengths Brand name, British Airways is well known worldwide as one of the 7 leading airlines that fly across the six inhabited continents and providing for more than 160 destinations Partnerships and Alliances, BA is a partner with major airlines in the world, and it also acquired Iberian airline and now dominate most of the regions and have the second best revenues after delta and American airlines Fleet size and destinations, the British Airways covers most of the globe giving options for short and long distance flights for their customers with a large pool of connecting flights and more than three hubs to choose from. Long service History, BA comes back to the early 1990s from various airlines that served in the United Kingdom, which were merged all together under the British flag. Weaknesses Not quality approved airline, the BA although with its reputation lacks the fundamentals of qualities that other airlines serve, maybe the reason for that is that BA is still maintaining the old standards they have without improving them to handle the needs of the traveler of today. Poor baggage delivery, this could be due to the un integrated systems of baggage handling that the BA follows where many complains about lost baggage have been filed with regards to passengers flying BA. Aging fleet, many of the aircrafts operated by BA are rather old, some of them go all the way back to the 1980s of the last centuries which is not economic in operations. Lack of innovation and change, many airlines have emerged who provide far more better services in terms of value for money and travelers comfort, while as we see with BA change only occurs once a decade at the most. Opportunities Competitors market exit, due to the recent terrorist attacks around the world many airlines are withdrawing from the markets, and the global crisis have affected them greatly where only the strong ones were able to survive. Emerging of new markets, the growing of the population around the world, and the opening of the Trans Atlantic routs have helped the airline to succeed in targeting new customers around the world. High demand for flights, there is an increased demand for air travel which is never met, especially for well reputated airlines that care for the safety of its operations. Treats Competition, everyday new airlines emerge, and the need for more cheaper tickets due to the global crises have risen too, therefore many airlines who provide economic airfare are pulling out the customers from other airlines, in the year 2008, easy jet took the leading customer pool from BA due to the cheap flights they offer. Environmental Awareness, the old fleet that BA operates on is way obsolete in terms of the environment, therefore customers who prefer to go green usually opt for airlines that respect the environment more Global Economic Crisis, the crisis have affected everyone in the world, BA had to let go of thousands of their employees to reduce the operating costs, plus that, customers are seeking cheaper flights to meet their needs during such crisis. Recommendations British Airways has to step into the 21st Century by updating everything in the system, starting with upgrading their fleet and buying newer aircrafts to meet the economic and environmental demands of the customers, and becoming more cost efficient in order to reduce the airfare prices. The Services should be improved to reach the levels of other airlines which are competing in terms of providing the most luxurious and comfortable cabins for the travelers. Becoming more economic is the key requirement in this century because the need for air travel is constant and increasing, while the customers are looking for the cheapest offers around but with maintaining the safety as well. As for the opportunities, I think that BA should better use its well known name and flag and produce better services that attract the growing customers’ pool, as there is an increase in the demand for air travel with markets widening, and customers opting for easy means of travel in safe, economic and environmentally friendly means. In order to overcome the BA weaknesses, a strategy has to be made, where the fleet has to be upgraded fully to meet all the requirements that passengers usually opt for, cheaper flights, faster, and environmentally safe. BA has to work more on its ground staff, where baggage handling should be monitored more closely to find solutions for the baggage complaints. BA should also follow the latest airline updates in means of services and cabins, where there should be an improvement where the traveler can sense that their favorite airline is being up to date and making sure that the needs of the modern traveler are met. References wikipedia. (2009). Wikipedia. In British Airways. Retrieved December11,2009 , from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Airways. British Airways. (2009). British Airways. In BA. Retrieved December9,2009, from www.ba.com. 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Guillermo furniture store Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Guillermo furniture store - Essay Example One of the options available to Guillermo in order to deal with the competition is to go high tech. However, one will have to consider whether there is a demand for these furniture that will make the use of robots feasible. As indicated in the case investing in robots and expanding the production facility is a very capital intensive exercise and therefore the volume required to make the project feasible is very important. Guillermo is currently producing 2,532 units of the Mid-Grade furniture and 506 units of the High-End furniture. If he goes hi-tech he can increase both by 50% to 3798 units of Mid-Grade and 759 units of High-End. Producing is one challenge but getting the items sold is another challenge. In order to determine whether this project is feasible a sensitivity analysis and an evaluation using net present value will be carried out. Sensitivity Analysis Sensitivity analysis performed using the information in the spreadsheet indicates that this project will not yield any p ositive returns (when combined with the current high-End operations) if production levels are not at least 14.2% above current levels. At 14.2% above current levels Guillermo would be producing 2892 units of Mid-Grade and 578 units of High-End furniture. See Appendix 1 for results. Broker Another option open to Guillermo is to become a distributor in North America for a Norwegian company. This project will involve an expansion in the facility to accommodate the increased production. It will also involve the use of robots. Sensitivity Analysis Sensitivity analysis using the information given in the excel spreadsheet indicates that Guillermo would not be able to yield any profits on being a Broker if the level of sales is not at least 38.3% above current production levels. See Appendix 1 for details. Therefore, this project will not be able to withstand any large fluctuations in demand. The Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) The formula for calculating WACC is as follows: WACC = E/(D+E)re + D/(D+E) (1-T)rd = (1-L)re + L(1-T)rd Where, E is shareholders’ equity D is debt T is the tax rate L is leverage re is the cost of shareholders funds, for which ROE is used in this question ROE = (profit after tax/shareholders’ funds) x100% = 24,695/235805 x 100% = 10.5% rd is the cost of debt, for which the interest rate on the building financed 12 years ago is adjusted for a 3% per annum rate of inflation = 10..4% Leverage = D/(D + E) Leverage = 936,628/1,172,433 = 0.8 Therefore, L = 0.8 and (1-L) = 0.2 WACC = 0.2 x 10.5 + 0.8 + (1 – 0.42)10.4 = 2% + 5% = 7% This is the current WACC and is the lowest return expected. Therefore, it will be used to calculate the NPV Evaluation Techniques Emery et al (2007) states that: â€Å"when making capital budgeting decisions, a firm evaluates the expected future cash flows in relation to the required initial investment. The objective is to find investment projects that will add value to the firm.† The rol e of management is to analyze each option to determine which method would result in more profits and therefore yield more benefits for the company. There are a number of techniques available to determine which project is more feasible. These techniques include payback period, accounting rate of return (ARR), net present values (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR). The two options available to Guillermo can be assessed using these techniques. Payback Period The payback period indicates the length of time that the project takes to recover the initial investment (Brigham and Ehrhardt, 2005). This method is biased towards short term projects. â€Å"Investments with longer payback periods are often more risky than those with shorter payback periods. This is because the shorter the payback period, the lower the risk that market conditions can render the initial inv

Recession Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Recession - Essay Example Inflation is the general rise in the prices of goods and services over a certain period of time. Higher rates of inflation lead to smaller percentages of goods and services that can be purchased with same amount of money. Inflation occurs due to reasons like varied increment in cost production, national debts, and high energy costs (Knoop 69). During inflation periods, people cut out leisure spending, the overall spending and begin saving more than before. As individuals and businesses curtail expenditures, the GDP declines. Unemployment rates, on the other hand, rise as companies lay off employees to cut costs (Knoop 99). These combinations of factors cause the economy to fall into recession. In the last few years, the US have been in a recession. The issue was experienced in 2008 after the irrational exuberance in the housing market had directed most people to purchase houses they could not afford. This happened because everyone thought the prices of housing were likely to increase. Unfortunately, the bubble busted in 2006 as the housing prices started coming down (Knoop 104). The shock caught many homeowners who had taken loans with little money to purchase houses unaware. After realizing they were likely to experience losses by selling houses for less than their mortgage, they foreclosed. The shoot up foreclosure rate made most banks and hedge funds to panic. Consequently, those who had bought mortgage-backed securities on the secondary market began realizing they were facing massive losses. Banks began fearing to lend each other by 2007 due to the urge to evade the toxic loans as collateral. What followed was the $700 billion bail out and high unemployment rate in 20 08. The economic stimulus plan was launched in 2009 by the US government to spend $185 billion (Knoop 213). It led to alteration of four quarter decline in GDP by Q3 in the same year hence ending the recession. However, high unemployment rates persisted up to 2011

Compare and contrast three ethical theories Research Paper

Compare and contrast three ethical theories - Research Paper Example We always, or, rather, mostly focus on actions but we can have a change and focus on consequences. When we focus on consequences we wind up with consequentialism and utilitarianism is one type of consequentialism and the founding father was Jeremy Bentham. (Lafollette, 28) Utilitarianism is divided into two, rule utilitarianism and act utilitarianism. In act utilitarianism, a person performs the acts whose end results are beneficial to a majority of people, without taking into consideration personal feelings or the societal constraints such as laws. Rule utilitarianism on the contrary takes into consideration the law and upholds fairness. A rule utilitarian uses fair and just means to benefit most people. Utilitarianism just like any other ethical theory has flaws. This can be seen in the sense that it is very hard or almost impossible to determine the amount of pleasure that will result from the action. This is because we cannot quantify pleasure and that the pleasure of one person is not the same as the pleasure of another person. The deontological theory spells out that people should adhere to their duties and obligations when analyzing ethical dilemmas. This ethical theory elaborates that the most important aspects of our lives are governed by certain unbreakable moral rules. Deontologists argue that these rules are not to be broken even if their absolution will improve a situation. Whoever follows this theory is bound to produce very consistent decisions since they are mostly based on the individuals set duties. This theory provides ground for obligations and special duties to specific people, such as family. A good and simple example is where an older brother has an obligation to offer protection to his little when they cross a busy road together. Praise is also offered to those who exceed their obligations and duties, which is referred to as supererogation. A

Hokkaido Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hokkaido - Term Paper Example As a subject or academic discipline, geography is the study of earth as the home for humanity. However, man has created conditions that are favorable to his existence on the foundations of existing physical features. Study of such creation encompasses human geography, which analyzes the relationship between human activities and the natural environment. Cultural geography is a major branch of geography and it is concerned with language, religion, government, and economy of a geographical region. Japan is an island nation that has fascinating environment and climate. These features have greatly influenced how people make a living from available resources. Hokkaido is the northernmost island of Japan. Unlike other islands that form the country, Hokkaido has extremely cold climate that influence how people construct their houses. In addition, Hokkaido sits on a rugged terrain, which has a relatively high water table. These factors also influence the design and sizes of house that can be constructed. The region is also prone to earthquakes that also influence housing designs and structures. Hokkaido is known as the territory of constructions this is because the region ever has new buildings. In Hokkaido, public construction works exceeds work done in the private sector. Government policies and regulations meant to enhance safety in the construction industry greatly influence building of new houses in Hokkaido. The Japanese construction industry contributes about 20% of the total GDP of the country. This constitutes construction works performed in the country and outside the country. Construction of houses in Hokkaido is very different from other parts of the country. This is partly due ton the housing values of the native communities and the developing status of Hokkaido. Unlike other parts of Japan such as Tokyo, Hokkaido is still in its early development stage. However, Hokkaido is developing very fast and it may soon overtake Tokyo as the world largest metropolitan. This has made the region to be characterized by new construction and engineering works. It has often been said that public construction work in Hokkaido greatly exceeds work done in the private sector. Registered contractors who are regulated by the prefectural governor cry out construction works in Hokkaido. Hokkaido is considered as the land of construction. Currently the region holds 7% of the total number of construction companies in Japan. This is a significant figure considering the fact that construction in Hokkaido constitutes about 5% of the total construction works in Japan. Small construction companies are the most dominant in Japan and they handle nearly 78% of all construction contracts awarded annually in Hokkaido. In Hokkaido nearly 8% of the total population work in the construction industry, either as s killed semi-skilled or unskilled laborers. The most desirable characteristic of Hokkaido construction workforce it that, there is a striking balance between the skilled and unskilled labor force. However, the region is likely to

Disability and literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Disability and literature - Essay Example There is one common denominator as far as social order workings are concerned and this centers on gender and its role in the society. In this respect, there is much debate going on concerning the relationship between gender and disability. The concept of feminism features prominently in this debate and scholars have advanced different theories to support their claims. Critical analysis of â€Å"Good Country People† by Flannery OConnor indicates a clear point of intersection between disability and gender. Deriving important theoretical concepts echoed by Rosemarie Garland-Thomson in Integrating Disability, Transforming Feminist Theory gives a picture of what the society think about disability and gender with much focus on the womenfolk. In Flannery O’Connor’s case, there are two main characters in Joy who is also referred to as Hulga and the young man who sells bible. There is also Mrs. Hopewell and Mrs. Freeman who plays a significant role through behavior to exp lain the interesting disability and gender relationship. The society sees women as lesser beings on various premises and this sort of prejudice assigns women some level of disability. Feminists argue that women have long been considered sex tools by men but undergo depreciation in terms of beauty and physical structure with time. This form of natural process is considered some sort of a weakness woman who is treated as a disability. This explains why the elderly women, who have most probably attained menopause phase of the reproductive life, are considered to be of less value. This is an aspect of physical disability being analogous to deficiency in terms of performing some activities. In ordinary society, men can be physically incapacitated but still pursue their dreams and end up marrying as a complete individual. However, the case of a disable woman is viewed with pity and is

Hokkaido Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hokkaido - Term Paper Example As a subject or academic discipline, geography is the study of earth as the home for humanity. However, man has created conditions that are favorable to his existence on the foundations of existing physical features. Study of such creation encompasses human geography, which analyzes the relationship between human activities and the natural environment. Cultural geography is a major branch of geography and it is concerned with language, religion, government, and economy of a geographical region. Japan is an island nation that has fascinating environment and climate. These features have greatly influenced how people make a living from available resources. Hokkaido is the northernmost island of Japan. Unlike other islands that form the country, Hokkaido has extremely cold climate that influence how people construct their houses. In addition, Hokkaido sits on a rugged terrain, which has a relatively high water table. These factors also influence the design and sizes of house that can be constructed. The region is also prone to earthquakes that also influence housing designs and structures. Hokkaido is known as the territory of constructions this is because the region ever has new buildings. In Hokkaido, public construction works exceeds work done in the private sector. Government policies and regulations meant to enhance safety in the construction industry greatly influence building of new houses in Hokkaido. The Japanese construction industry contributes about 20% of the total GDP of the country. This constitutes construction works performed in the country and outside the country. Construction of houses in Hokkaido is very different from other parts of the country. This is partly due ton the housing values of the native communities and the developing status of Hokkaido. Unlike other parts of Japan such as Tokyo, Hokkaido is still in its early development stage. However, Hokkaido is developing very fast and it may soon overtake Tokyo as the world largest metropolitan. This has made the region to be characterized by new construction and engineering works. It has often been said that public construction work in Hokkaido greatly exceeds work done in the private sector. Registered contractors who are regulated by the prefectural governor cry out construction works in Hokkaido. Hokkaido is considered as the land of construction. Currently the region holds 7% of the total number of construction companies in Japan. This is a significant figure considering the fact that construction in Hokkaido constitutes about 5% of the total construction works in Japan. Small construction companies are the most dominant in Japan and they handle nearly 78% of all construction contracts awarded annually in Hokkaido. In Hokkaido nearly 8% of the total population work in the construction industry, either as s killed semi-skilled or unskilled laborers. The most desirable characteristic of Hokkaido construction workforce it that, there is a striking balance between the skilled and unskilled labor force. However, the region is likely to

The Dark Side of Online Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Dark Side of Online Education - Essay Example The OU of United Kingdom, Indhira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) of India etc are some famous open universities in which internet is the principal medium of delivering educational materials. Online education provides a capacious range of courses and learning centers for the students to choose from, which in turn provides them with the opportunity to learn according to their tastes and visions. The convenience of learning right from their homes is yet another feature of online education. It provides an environment just congruous to that of a social networking website where they can discuss the stuff regarding their subject with peers from diverse regions. Students can fix the schedule and pace of their learning. This imparts a great liberty for professionals and people who have other commitments. It gives them an international exposure and connections with experts in the subjects of study from all over the globe. However, one cannot disregard the disadvantages of online educa tion while planning to step into it. The portal of the Montgomery College, Maryland which is a famous online education center describes the demerits of online education. According to them, online courses are more time-consuming than on-campus classes. Here the interaction with the instructor is virtual in the practical sense. The communication takes place either through fingers, that is, by typing or through webcams. Both increase the time required for learning procedures. There is a possibility for students to procrastinate learning if they are pursuing online courses because the schedules are flexible. This puts the very concept of ‘proper learning’ at doubt. Such courses appeal for time-management skills of the students deeply and may invoke a sense of isolation in them. There are no restrictions posed on the learner, which in one sense may sound as a positive aspect, but it can eventually turn out to be an ill-effect because there is a chance that the learner drop o ff from the learning and concentrate on other activities which can adversely affect his/her results. The service that students receive from their instructors ends in gaining the subject knowledge wherein lack of guidance, methods of study, planning etc. occur (Montgomery College). There are various technical requirements also that one has to consider while going for online education. The unavailability of any of these resources can badly affect the progress in learning. Gary W. James, a corporate trainer at Allen Communication describes this aspect. According to James, limited formatting of content in most of the browsers of today is a menace in online learning. Limitations in bandwidth, web browser and even the system configuration can inversely affect learning as graphics; videos, sounds etc form an important part of online learning. Time required for downloading the course materials sometimes goes to large extents. Assessment and feedback regarding students take place rather rare ly. According to James, most of the online courses of today are comparatively less interactive (2-3). Lisa Kirtman of California State University, Fullerton conducted a deep comparative study regarding the learning outcomes of online education as well as in campus education. She says that there had been a steadfast increment in the number of students

The second amendment of the US Constitution Essay Example for Free

The second amendment of the US Constitution Essay The second amendment of the US Constitution states that â€Å"a well regulated militia† is â€Å"necessary to the security of a free state† and that â€Å"the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed†. The second amendment is outdated. In the time it was created and passed was a time when the militia was the people. It was made so that people could fight the British, which isn’t the case now, especially now that we have our own full-functioning army and law enforcement. It was made in a time to keep a tyrannical government in check. We are no longer under the control of a tyrannical government so why should we still have the amendment? When a town was attacked it was the citizens’ duty to get their rifles and defend the town. There is now no one on US soil attacking peoples’ homes and if there was we have police and the army to defend us. In this time there is no need for minutemen, their guns, or the second amendment. To continue, there is quite a fallacy in the opposing side. Giving guns to only people who wouldn’t use them for crime would not work. You cannot differentiate between good and bad people because, all people with guns are potentially bad. There is nothing stopping an otherwise innocent person from committing a crime with his gun. You cannot give only â€Å"good† people guns. As for the people that will be allowed to legally own guns (e.g. police, army) it is highly illogical to assume there will be so many corrupt people that the good won’t be able to adequately defend you. A repeal of the second amendment would make America a safer place to live and that is good for everyone. The repeal would lead to lowering the amount of deaths from guns because guns are a substantial amount of deaths in the US. Also, it would lower crime rate in general because people who use guns to commit crimes such as robbery, would no longer be able to do so. Furthermore, the money people would have spent on guns could be spent on extra security features, like locks or alarms, instead of a tool of death. The usefulness of guns if often exaggerated. Firstly, there is no evidence to indicate gun ownership deters overall burglary rate. Secondly, most people have guns to prevent robbery, but pulling a gun on a robber could cause him to act more violent. Thirdly, having a gun could enable him to take it from you and kill you. Lastly, more pertaining to families, a kid could find a gun and kill him or herself and/or others. According to these preceding points it seems that guns cause more harm than help. I agree that it was made by the founding fathers and put in the original constitution, which makes it seem pretty important, but in this day and age it is evident that the amendment isn’t as relevant as it once was. In response to the obvious argument about self-defense, the police force and army, which weren’t established in the past, are capable of attacking us. Besides, if the person attacking you probably isn’t going to have a gun, why should you have one? In short, for the need for evolution of a country, the sake of a safer country, and the debunking of the â€Å"need† for guns, I conclude that the second amendment should be repealed because no matter how pure the person or intention, guns can cause chaos among the general population.

Consideration of baseline in EIA

Consideration of baseline in EIA Consideration of baseline in EIA Chapter one: Introduction 1.1 EIA and Baseline Environmental impact assessment, EIA was developed in order to provide decision makers with an understanding of the environmental consequences of a proposed development. It provides information on the nature and extent of impacts arising from the construction and operation of proposed projects. This is presented in environmental reports that contain information required by the EIA directives. These required information may include; a description of the proposed project, an outline of main project alternatives, description and assessment of aspects of environment likely to be significantly affected by the proposed development and a description of measures established to manage significant adverse effects on the environment. A key element of EIA is to provide adequate description of the current environment condition, otherwise referred to as baseline assessment. They are often referred to as the environmental setting, existing conditions, affected environment, background environment, environmental conditions, environmental receptors, and baseline data (Shepherd, 2006, Canter 1996, Eccleston, 2001). The need for its consideration in EIA is a topic raised by several researchers (Wood 2003, Glasson et al., 2005, Carroll and Turpin 2009, Lawrence 2003, Morris and Therivel 2009, Wathern, 1992). For them baseline can be regarded as the main support for the EIA process, which identifies existing environmental conditions and relevant potential areas that may be affected by a proposed project. The importance of baseline is also manifested in EU regulations. It is moreover set in EIA directives (schedule 4, part 11) that the current environmental conditions of the study area, its possible future evolution and tech nical deficiencies/ limitation experienced while carrying out the study should be reported in an environmental statement. Studies (Wathern 1992, Glasson et al., 2005; Andre et al., 2004, Wood, 2007) revealed that despite its roles and benefits in the EIA process, the aspects of baseline considered remains substandard. Questions on the definition, methodology, specific aspects to be considered, remain an issue. 1.2 Contextual review Baseline is a preliminary step in the EIA process which is implemented in the UK through the Town and Country planning (SI 1999 N0 293) Regulations 1988 and the subsequent 1999, 2000, 2006, 2008 amendments. Theories have revealed though it is recognized that collection of appropriate and sufficient, baseline data can be time consuming and expensive. In spite of this, the value of this information can produce a significant outcome on the quality of the overall EIA process. 1.3 The research This research intends to address the subject of baseline in EIA process. It will look specifically at the influence of baseline on the EIA process. It begins by describing the origins and principle of EIA with particular reference to its legislative beginnings, secondly, the issue of good quality baseline and effectiveness of EIA is discussed, research approach is then outlined and the findings of the studies are presented and analysed. The findings of the research are considered in comparison with the literature, with reference to its more substantive purposes before drawing conclusions and possible recommendations. Moreover, there has been limited investigation to date on baseline and how it influences the out come of EIA process in practice. It is therefore expected that this dissertation would add to the knowledge on baseline and make recommendations on baseline implementation in EIA process. 1.4 Aim Overall aim is: To determine how baseline influence EIA process decision making and promote the importance of baseline in EIA process. 1.5 Research questions and Hypothesis In order to pursue the aim identified above, a set of research questions have been developed which when answered enable the research aims to be achieved. Responding to this question is the focus of the dissertation. Questions to be answered include: How are baseline currently addressed in ES? Does adequate baseline study influence EIA decision making process? For this research the hypothesis has been formulated that: Good baseline quality contributes to effectiveness of the EIA process The formulation of this hypothesis was influenced by the EIA regulation requirement for baseline information and also limited knowledge on baseline influence in EIA decision making process. 1.5 Dissertation structure Based on the research aims and hypothesis the structure of the dissertation is divided into seven chapters and is set as follows: Chapter 1: Introduction The dissertation begins with an introductory part to set out an overview of EIA process, explaining how the baseline fits into the EIA process. The research aim is then identified and hypothesis is formulated and justified for the purpose of this research. A brief summary of the research approach and contents of subsequent chapters are then revealed. Chapter 2: Methodology This chapter outlines the research methodology, the parameters of the literature search, selection of relevant information and research limitations. Provides details of evaluation framework developed to analyse the chosen environmental statements, relevant planning files and interview approach and structure. Chapter 3: Background Following the methodology, this chapter sets out a literature review as the backbone of this research. The structure of the literature review is based on EIA and baseline. It starts by examining the concept of EIA and it various steps; attention is based more on how baseline fits into the overall EIA process. Chapter 4: Criteria for effective EIA process and good practice baseline This chapter sets out the first stage of the methodology. It explores the terms used in developing the research hypotheses i.e. effective EIA and good quality baseline in order to develop a checklist for the review. This was achieved by information from various researchers who have studied EIA effectiveness and good practice baseline and also notes from existing guidance documents and existing EIA/EIS review criteria. Chapter 5: Presentation of result and analysis This chapter Outlines presentation of results and analysis of the interviews and reviews of EISs. Details on results and findings of the 3 research are then discussed, linking the theoretical perspectives and frameworks discussed to that of practice. Chapter 6: Conclusion Finally, the conclusion is drawn whilst connecting the research hypothesis and literature review to the content of the dissertation, limitation is outlined and recommendations are drawn. Appendices: Relevant appendices of supporting information follow a bibliography of information sources. Appendix A lists acronyms used in this research, Appendix B lists EIA directive requirements of information to be presented on the ES. Appendix C lists the summary of the four statements reviewed, a summary of the interview together with their individual responses are attached as appendix D. A summary of the findings of the review are then attached as appendix E. 1.7 Relevance of the research topic to course of study The course of study Environmental assessment and management deals with natural resource management and planning. Specifically, management of the environment and project coordination. EIA was introduced as an environmental management tool its purpose and principle plays an important role in planning system of UK environment. It involves assessment of a specific environment to identify impacts and develop measures of controlling the impacts that may occur as a result of a proposed development in order to enhance the environment. Baseline is an initial step in the EIA. There have been numerous questions on how EIA achieves its primary purposes. In this case, it is important to evaluate baseline which is one of the initial steps to highlight how it helps achieve its purposes. In general, the course aims to provide student with an understanding of principles methods and procedure in EAM. EIA is central to environment assessment and management. Hence, it is evident that the research topic is relevant to the course of study and its proposed aim is expected to be achieved. 1.8 Overview In summary, the EIA regulation indicates that the data required for any project which is likely to generate significant environmental effects must be assessed and stated in an environmental statement. In addition, the influence of baseline on outcome of EIA is limited. This research sets out to address this issue. For this purpose, research aim and hypothesis have been developed, to set out research questions in order to identify a focus of the research. A methodology adopted for this purpose is exposed in the next chapter. Drawing generalization from research investigation and providing information for subsequent replication of studies, suggestions are made about the types of information to include when describing baseline conditions in this research.

The Definition of Love :: Definition Essays Love Godly Romantic Essays

The Definition of Love Love by definition is an emotion explored in philosophy, religion, and literature, often as either romantic love, the fraternal love of others, or the love of God based on the definition found in The Encarta Encyclopedia. As I explored the definition by means of the Internet, books, and articles I noticed the definitions changed quite a bit, but yet had the same basic understanding. The definition I found in The Encarta Encyclopedia was probably the most simple and most basic. It refers to love in the whole aspect, which is Godly, fraternal, and romantic. All in which can only be defined by one word and that it love. The definitions of love are the same and yet different. Godly, for instance is the love of God, and your devotion and respect toward him, the creator. In all religion, god carries the same aspect. Fraternal love is the love of ones family and relatives, even the love of one who is close to you, in that respect, such as a friend. Then there’s romantic love; a love between two people, which I consider to be both intimate and sexual. Older dictionaries and encyclopedias usually refer to the romantic aspect of love, as the love in which is experience between man and woman. In today’s society it is said that romantic love can be found regardless of your gender and based on that definition I would have to agree, but personally disagree for the simply reason that we were physically made to adapt with the other gender sexually. Feeling romantic love for the same sex would defeats the purpose of our existents, which is procreation. Thus making love for the same sex unjust.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Love has been expressed since the beginning of time; since Adam and Eve. Each culture expresses its love in its own special way. Though out history, though, it’s aspect has always been the same. Love has been a major characteristic of literature also. One of the most famous works in literary history is, Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare. This story deals with the love of a man and a woman who’s families have been sworn enemies. There love surpassed the hatred in which the families endured for generations. In the end they both ended up killing their selves, for one could not live without the other. This story is a perfect example of true love.

The Spinx :: essays papers

The Spinx In a depression to the south of Chephren's pyramid sits a creature with a human head and a lion's body. The name 'sphinx' which means 'strangler' was first given by the Greeks to a fabulous creature which had the head of a woman and the body of a lion and the wings of a bird. The sphinx appears to have started in Egypt in the form of a sun god. The Egyptian sphinx is usually a head of a king wearing his headdress and the body of a lion . There are, however, sphinxes with ram heads that are associated with the god Amun. The Great Sphinx is to the northeast of Chephren's Valley Temple. Where it sits was once a quarry. Chephren's workers shaped the stone into the lion and gave it their king's face over 4,500 years ago. The sphinx faces the rising sun with a temple to the front, which resembles the sun temples which were built later by the kings of the 5th Dynasty. The figure was buried for most of its life in the sand. King Thutmose IV (1425 - 1417 BC) placed a stela between the front paws of the figure. It describes when Thutmose, while still a prince, had gone hunting and fell asleep in the shade of the sphinx. During a dream, the sphinx spoke to Thutmose and told him to clear away the sand because it was choking the sphinx. The sphinx told him that if he did this, he would be rewarded with a kingship. Thutmose carried out this request and the sphinx held up his end of the deal. The sphinx is built of soft sandstone and would have disappeared long ago had it not been buried for so long. The body is 200 feet in length and 65 feet tall. The face of the sphinx is 13 feet wide and its eyes are 6 feet high. Part of the uraeus (sacred cobra), the nose and the ritual beard are now missing. The beard from the sphinx is displayed in the British Museum. The statue is crumbling today because of the wind, humidity and the smog from Cairo. Attempts to restore it have often caused more harm than good. No one can be certain who the figure is to personify. It is possible that it is Chephren. If that is so, it would then be the oldest known royal portrait in such large scale.

Cigarette Smoking as a Public Health Hazard Essay

The Production and Sale of Cigarettes should be illegal and completely banned. The Surgeon General warns; Tobacco usage can be hazardous to your health. It is a drug equal to, if not more harmful than alcohol and some prescription drugs. If you don’t think smoking is addictive, ask someone who has tried quitting. As far back as the early 1960s, the connection between smoking and lung disease/cancer was made, and although smoking continued to be glamorized by many Hollywood actors and actresses, it became known that smoking also caused numerous health risks. In the 1960’s CBS Television sold itself to advertisers by highlighting their ability to reach a broad audience and the cigarette industry provided a large percentage of the networks’ revenue. Yet studies continued to show breathing smoke from other people’s people cigarettes or chewing tobacco products, were proven to be just as harmful to one’s health, as it would be if the person smoked themse lves. Not only is smoking a health risk to the person who chooses to do it, second-hand smoke affects millions of people in the U.S., causing significant diseases and sometimes even death. Manufacturers have hidden hide the real consequences of cigarette smoking for years, even though they knew it was compromising the health of the general public, which includes including men, women and children who had never smoked a single cigarette. The average teenager saw at least 26 cigarette ads each week and more than 100 ads per month, while children with chronic diseases such as asthma continued to suffer as a result of being exposed to involuntary secondhand smoke. Cigarette smoking can be attributed to Diabetes, Lung Cancer, Blindness, Kidney Failure, Problems with pregnancy in women including the inability to conceive, Birth Defects, High Blood Pressure, Respiratory Diseases and many more serious illnesses. Some adults suffer suffered from medical conditions as a direct result of the exposure to cigarette and cigar smoke in public places, family gatherings or their place of employment. Cigarette smokers, manufacturers, and advertising companies faced severe criticism and the Surgeon General began to prepare and report with significant findings on the effects of smoking. Unfortunately, it was too late for medical assistance or intervention for many. By then, medical conditions appeared and some were too advanced or terminal, making treatment impossible. The American Cancer Society encourages smokers to quit smoking on the third Thursday of November each year, this annual intervention/event is known as the Great American Smokeout. The goal of this event is to provide smokers with a wealth of information related to the health risks of smoking and to help them understand that quitting is the first step in becoming healthier. Materials and toolkits are provided nationally to those interested in hosting events aimed at helping Americans make healthy choices related to quitting. Some argue that electronic cigarettes, also known as E-Cigarettes are safer to use. They are sold online and come in a variety of flavors. E-Cigarettes are thought to be cool, and are a huge attraction to youth, as there is no age requirement to purchase them then. However, however, before smokers choose e-cigarettes there are several facts they should know. These cigarettes contain nicotine, a highly addictive drug and are still considered to be a huge health risk. E-cigarettes are an unregulated tobacco product with more than 500 brands and more than 7,000 flavors yet they have not been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). E-cigarettes emit aerosol (vapor) which means its users inhale/exhale carcinogens, such as formaldehyde. Today, the dangers of smoking are very well-documented; in fact, smoking has been banned in many public places including restaurants, places of employment and professional buildings. Abuse of tobacco combined with alcohol and illicit drugs, costs our country over $600 billion dollars in health-care annually, not to mention what it cost in loss of productivity due to health-related issues and physical challenges. Diseases caused by smoking harm almost every organ in the human body. It is the cause of 1 in 5 deaths in the United States alone, yet it is estimated that more than 42 million Americans continue to smoke. Citations Judy Kruger et. Al., â€Å"Perceptions of Harm from Second Hand Smoke Exposure Among US Adults†, Tobacco Induced Diseases, Feb. 2, 2016 Vol. 14 Issue 13, http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.rlib.pace.edu/eds/detail/detail?vid=5&sid=3e7714d0-37a9-4672-8c8e-014de0082732%40sessionmgr104&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=edsgcl.442139813&db=edsgaoRichard W. Pollay, â€Å"Exposure of US Youth to Cigarettes Television Advertising in the 1960’s† Tobacco Control, June 1994, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 130-133, 4p, http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.rlib.pace.edu/eds/detail/detail?vid=9&sid=3e7714d0-37a9-4672-8c8e-014de0082732%40sessionmgr104&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=67205935&db=edbArden Pope III el. al., â€Å"Lung Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Associated with Ambient Air Pollution and Cigarette Smoke: Shape of the Exposure-Response Relationships†, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Environmental Health Perspectives, 2011, Vol. 119(11), pp. 1616-1621, http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.rlib.pace.edu/eds/detail/detail?vid=24&sid=3e7714d0-37a9-4672-8c8e-014de0082732%40sessionmgr104&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=edsjsr.41263267&db=edsjsrProctor RN, â€Å"Why Ban the Sale of Cigarettes? The Case for Abolition†, Tobacco Control, May 2013, Vol. 22, Suppl. 1, pp. i27-30, http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.rlib.pace.edu/eds/detail/detail?vid=26&sid=3e7714d0-37a9-4672-8c8e-014de0082732%40sessionmgr104&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=23591501&db=cmedm Don’t forget to include your Last name and Page # on each page. 1 inch from the right top corner of each page. You do not have quotations and citations included in your essay. Citation or Cited Work should be on one page.

Family Life During Civil War Essay

As a pivotal point in our nation’s history, the civil war holds a special fascination in the land and minds of the American people. It was a war entirely fought by Americans, often dividing families and even brothers against brothers. The American civil war was unforgettable. It was fought between the United States of America and the Southern slave states of the nearly formed confederate state of America under Jefferson Davis. The Civil War made really a tragic long lasting effect on a family unit of that period. During Civil War, families on both sides of the war had to bear a pain of personal loss. Husbands and fathers and sons died not in hundreds but in thousands of numbers in both the North and South and many of them returned home either handicapped or wounded manner. So many men not only injured physically but due to their wartime experiences, they had suffered more emotionally also. This effected their already burdened struggling families more. This way, the families ha d suffered with physical and psychological pain a lot. Also the families were divided during Civil war. The only bread winner of any family – may be a father or husband or an elder son had to go far off the home. So in those families, especially middle class, wives and mothers had to work in the home and also out of the home. They were the only to take care about every aspects of the family including children. And for this they were not much trained. This situation for city women was much more difficult (.netplaces.com). The painting from the article of war sprits at home by Lily Martin Spencer shows that she herself is sitting in the kitchen with her children and a servant. Lacking an adult male figure, the painting reflects the absence of men in the home during this period in American history. The painting from the article of war sprits at home by Lily Martin Spencer shows that she herself is sitting in the kitchen with her children and a servant. Lacking an adult male figure, the painting reflects the absence of men in the home during this period in American history. Northern families lost a great many loved ones over the course of war and experienced their share of problems and grief, but southern families suffered far more. Many southern towns and cities were destroyed and the impact on the confederate civilian population was enormous in all eras (netplace.com). Most people and families in the south led the pastoral life, organized around agricultural activities. Many people in south had no slaves or very few, so all the man does physical labor. Due to war, families lost their able-bodied man, which had changed the condition of family that women had to do all the work in the house and farms to keep farms functioning with the other works such as cleaning, making and fixing cloths, and raising the children (civilwar.org). As war went on, people also started suffering from hunger. With confederate troops, to feed and burning all the remaining food, combined with the lack of available rail transportation which was being use by war efforts. They also suffered from the lack of goods as all the industries and factories were busy preparing the goods for civil war. As many men and sons were forced to leave their house they were not able to concentrate in the war. Handwritten letters were the main form of communication between soldiers and their relatives during civil war. Soldiers became desperate to hear from their families and for news from home. They even gladly read each other’s letters just to hear about familiar places and everyday situations; anything to take their mind off the war and their struggles. Robert T. Tallman, wrote to William Brown, with an interesting suggestion as a possible means to encourage more communication (ozarkscivilwar.org). â€Å"I have not had a letter for two weeks what is our folks doing. tell them I am dead and maybe they w ill send for my bounty and wages, and I will hear from them that way if no other.†( Robert T. Tallman letter to William Brown – February 11, 1865). Civil war had the same impact on northern families. White families in Virginia first confronted the war’s impact with the enlistments of their male kin. To provide food and protect families, men were pulled away from their loved ones to serve in the confederate army. As one Virginia solider put his duty in the war encompassed â€Å"the defense of our country, our liberty and the protection of our parent, wives, children, and all that is dear to a man† (encylopediavirginia.org). 50 percent of the male enlisted from Virginia tried to help both families and the confederacy. But it was of no use. Wives, daughters, sisters, and other female kin assumed much of the work normally pursued by men- managing plantation, harvesting crops, running business. This pressure took toll on women. â€Å"We felt like clinging to Walter and holding him back†, wrote one Virginia woman in reaction to a family member’s enlistment. â€Å"I was sick of war, sick of the butchery, th e anguish† (encylopediavirginia.org). Virginia Civilians After a Battle Often soldiers tries to maintain their role in family through home letters, but their correspondence proved an imperfect surrogate when the mail, disrupted by war, was slow in coming. Some women also tried to bring their men home by filing petition with the confederate secretary of war for a man’s exemption, or by urging a soldier to desert the army, which were often unsuccessful and so the women has to wait for her man until the war end or sometimes she never gets to see him. These lines from the letter were included in the Civil War diary of Samuel Bennett, a Daviess County native who fought for the Union Army. In it, Bennett’s mother expresses her worries about his welfare. â€Å"Wilson I dreamed last night that you had come home you may be sure that I was sorry when I waked and found it was a dere dream Wilson the crop is in tolerable good order you father commensed mowing yesterday and Amas thought he could mow and your father concluded that he might to get it he does very well Wilson we will get your janes today and if you want a pair of everyday pants I want you to let me know and I will make them and bring them if we get to come and if not I will send them I hope we will get to come yet I must bring my broken lines to a close by saing I hope that it will not bee long till we see each others face Write as soon as this comes to hand I remain your devoted and loving mother untill death†(ket.org). Political divisions sometimes compounded the separation experienced by families. Regions with high unionist concentrations, witnessed the division of house members against each other-pitting father against son, husband against wife, and sometimes brother against brother. John fee wrote in his autobiography that â€Å"The next morning just as I was about starting back to my home, my father said to me, â€Å"Julett is here on my premises, and I will sell her before sundown if I can.† I turned to him and said, â€Å"Father, I am now that woman’s only guardian†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. yet if you sell that woman, I will prosecute you for so doing, as sure as you are a man.†(ket.org) Civil war had made a enormous effect on the family life. Many lost their loved ones and very few got their loved ones back. Thus the civil war era was very hard for every women, men, and child. To claim that the Civil War was unlike any war before or since is an argument this overlooks many of the continuities of time displayed in a history of warfare. Certainly it can be claimed to be the first type of war in several of its features, but entirely different isolates it from this history and leaves out very important aspects of it. Citation * â€Å"The American Civil War.† 123helpme.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Feb. 2013. . * Civil War Trust. â€Å"Civil War Lesson Plans: Southern Life during Civil War.† Civilwar.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Feb. 2013. . * Stoddard, Brooke C., and Daniel P. Murphy. â€Å"Family Life during Civil War.† Netplaces.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Feb. 2013. . * Slipp, Naomi, ed. â€Å"Unpacking Feminist Content in Lilly Martin Spencer’s â€Å"War Spirit at Home†.† WordPress.com. N.p., 17 Dec. 2009. Web. 2 Feb. 2013. . * â€Å"Women and Children at Home.† Ket.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Feb. 2013. . * STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY of MISSOURI RESEARCH CENTER – ROLLA, ed. â€Å"Tallaman- Brown Family Papers.† Ozarkscivilwar.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Feb. 2013. . * â€Å"Impact of the Civil War on the Tennessee Homefront.† Liberary.mtsu.edu. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Feb. 2013. . * Taylor, Amy Murrell. â€Å"Family Life During the Civil War.† Encylopedia Virginia. Ed. Brendan Wolfe. 2 February 2013 Virginia Foundation Humanities 6 feb 2012

Caribbean history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Caribbean history - Essay Example Tiones and Arawaks lived a peaceful life with happiness before arrival of Columbus. Agriculture, fishing and hunting were their daily activities for fulfilling basic needs. Arawaks had copper colour with long black hairs (Johnson 1920). Arawaks had a unique lifestyle and a very gentle society. They lived as a society and society was just like a small kingdom. Their leaders were called cacique. Every Arawak and Tiones had 2 or 3 wives as per the culture. The cacique always had more wives than normal people as it was a symbol of pride for the woman to marry a cacique. Marring a cacique used to raise the authority and lifestyle of the woman. Children of the cacique were provided with better lifestyle and future opportunities (Williams 1984). House construction of the Arawaks and Tiones was basically of round shape that a supported with a pole in the centre. Palm leaves were used to cover the house from the top. Caciques had rectangular shaped houses as to create difference between a cacique and a normal man. Mats of banana leaves were the material used for sleeping in absence of any other bedding (Williams 1984). ZEMI were the gods of Arawaks and they used to arrange different religious functions. Religious practice included dancing, religious worship and medical treatment by ZEMI. People also consulted ZEMI for advice on health matters. Agricultural festivals also had certain religious features as thank giving. Specific dress was used on such festivals and drum beating with cacique sitting at a special place. Singing and admiring of cacique are the main events of such festivals (Williams 1984). Different caciques asked for certain help when Columbus landed in the region. Cacique Guacanagarie of Marien (Bainoa) asked Columbus to save him from Caribs. He became the very good friend of Columbus. Canoba was the leader who resisted Spanish movement in the area. Columbus offered Canoba a chain of gold. Conaba mistakenly took

Hw2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Hw2 - Essay Example Bacteria have the ability to develop resistance to antibiotics making the use of such drugs ineffective. Antibiotics resistance is a situation whereby an antimicrobial drug ceases to have effect in stopping or killing such microorganisms. Refereeing to antimicrobial, they are substance, both natural and synthetic as well as disinfectants that have the ability to kill or hindering the reproduction of microorganisms. Before the antibiotic drugs were discovered in the 1940s, there were many deaths arising from sexually transmitted diseases and infections such as tuberculosis. The new drugs enabled the fighting of the diseases possible, however, over time; some of the germs have developed resistance to the drugs. The most common causes are the inappropriate use or overuse of drugs such as antibiotics in the treatment of people and animals. The germs continuously adapt to their environments and have the ability to develop the characteristics that are similar to those of others. In using antibiotics, only the weak bacteria are killed while the stronger and more resistant ones survive and continue to multiply. Any germ that successfully develops resistance to a particular drug has the potential of developing resistance to other antibiotics as well, referred to as cross-resistance. There has also been developed a link between the administering of drugs to animals the development of resistance in humans. Often, the food producing animals are administered some drugs so as to prevent infections and boost food production in the agri-food industry. Even the products of plants also get into contact with the chemicals when sprayed to help in the control of or preventing diseases. Through this, the resistance problem is transferred to the products such as milk and fruits. The most common example is Salmonella that can be transferred

Organizational Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Organizational Culture - Essay Example Closely related to organizational culture in meaning is organizational values. Values refer to acceptable standards that govern individual employees’ behavior in an organization. Without these values, each employee would adopt behaviors that they deem fit in their own analysis which could conflict with the behaviors that an organization seeks to promote. The organizational values have to be in line with the mission and the vision. Woodside (2010) gives examples of the distinctive values in blue chip companies like Ford Motors and Marks & Spencers which were established by their founders and further sedimentation accomplished by their inheritors. Values would be chosen through the process of measuring, diagnosis, deciding and finally embedding. It has been noted that organizational culture guides the success of an organization, hence an important aspect to both the profit making and the non-profit making organizations. But success or performance remains a relative concept among business research scholars. Woodside (2010) gathers definitions of performance from various scholars ranging from an organization’s ability to achieve its goals to an organizational measure of efficiency, effectiveness and economy. In the same way, there exist various variables in measuring organization performance. This complexity has been cited by Shahzad, Luqman, Khan & Shabbir (2012) as the reason for minimal research on the impact of organizational culture on performance. In this paper, performance would be considered as the attainability of an organization’s goals. A positive correlation has been established between organizational culture and organizational performance with well performing firms possessing certain strong cultural traits. Shahzad, Luqman, Khan and Shabbir (2012) noted that superior and perfectly imitable organizational culture ensures attainment of sustainable competitive advantage.

A Study of Human Behaviour in Fire Evacuation with an Emphasis on the Essay

A Study of Human Behaviour in Fire Evacuation with an Emphasis on the Elderly Population - Essay Example They are naturally weaker and more vulnerable than the younger individuals. Older people have vision and hearing predicaments and these handicaps have to be taken into account in selecting the best course of action in moving them out from the danger. For instance, elderly, particularly the females, cannot be advised leap even if the height of the fall is low because they have weaker and more brittle bones compared to the rest. (Cardinal, Florence. Vibrate Your Bones. March 1, 2007. Well Woman Blog. [internet].). They also have traits or attitudes peculiar to their age. Old folks want to stay alone and in paces which are slower than what the ordinary person prefers. The elderly folks always choose to be away from the crowd. In view of these constraints, there are crucial problems which have to be properly addressed in planning and implementing escape procedures during the flight from the dangers of fire. The decision on what scheme to opt for in leaving the danger zone has to include the condition and design of the building or structure that is ablaze or in flames. All these are geared toward a successful evacuation in general and for the elderly in particular. In a nutshell, the present paper is aimed at collating valuable information to come up with suggestions which are deemed best and most practicable in implementing flight procedures during incidents of fire for the safe, orderly and successful evacuation of the elderly. In coming up with this dissertation, considerable time, efforts and financial resources were invested. Additionally, there were individuals to whom the proponent of this dissertation is most grateful for their encouragement and precious help. To the professors, the writer of this thesis conveys sincerest thanks. To all the friends of the proponent in the school community, heartfelt appreciation is hereby expressed for making the stay in the campus and the surrounding environment a magnificent and

Business (i NEED A WRITER IN LAW OR CRIMINOLOGY ) Essay

Business (i NEED A WRITER IN LAW OR CRIMINOLOGY ) - Essay Example This right to confront your accuser in open court is regarded as the core of the  English trial system (and of course that of other jurisdictions based on it).   All criminal cases start in the Magistrates’ courts. Petty offences, or offences not serious in nature are dealt with by Magistrates’ court. They are called summary offences. All cases regarding these offences are decided entirely in the Magistrates’ Court. Apart from summary offences, there can be two other types of offences. One is known as either-way offence. In either-way offences, the suspect has a choice. His case can either be heard by the Magistrates’ court or if so desired, he can insist on trial by judge and jury in the Crown Court. Magistrates’ Court can impose fines up to  £ 5000, and punishments up to 12 months1. However, the Magistrates’ Court has power to impose more sentence if the defendant is charged with two or more offences, and at least two offences are either way offences. Over 95% of all criminal cases are dealt with by Magistrates’ Courts.2 Magistrates’ Courts may refer some cases to Crown Court if it reaches a conclusion that the defendant deserves more severe punishment than they can. However, all the three types of cases must be first heard by the Magistrates’ Court. This hearing is known as committal. Offences of the other type are known as indictable offences. Indictable offences are to be tried only by Crown Court. Indictable offences are more serious criminal cases such as murder, manslaughter, assault, rape or robbery. The Crown Courts can hear appeals from orders of Magistrates Courts. These cases in Magistrates’ Courts are heard by three lay magistrates (who are known as justices of peace) or by a District Judge. The magistrates are volunteers from the locality. District Judge is a trained lawyer. He is a government servant. The prosecution is usually carried out by the Crown Prosecution Service. A

Identity the ftre written Essay Example for Free

Identity the ftre written Essay Introduction Identity Theft is considered to be major problem which has affected thousands, more than 9 million victims of credit identity theft were reported in 2003, it was estimated that the victims were deprived of more than 52 billion dollars through identity theft; the victims included established businesses and individuals. It has been learnt that sophisticated organized criminals (Richard, 2003) were involved in identity theft. Identity theft is considered as an intimate abuse that is mainly responsible for the financial losses of the grieved victims. Identity Theft is appropriation of anothers personal information (Whilk, 2003), the purpose of the exercise is to practice fraud, and the victim is impersonated by the culprits in this practice. Identity theft is mainly linked with the leakage of confidential information that is later misused by the culprits to achieve benefit. It has been observed through past cases of Identity theft that most of the culprits have enjoyed access to the victim directly, or the information related to the victim through different dealings. The nature of the dealing is not particular, in some of the cases associates and acquaintances have been involved have been found guilty of Identity Theft. According to studies, Identity theft involves three parties that include the victim, the perpetrator and the creditor. Victim is the person who fells prey of the criminal activities without any knowledge of it; the perpetrator is the individual who impersonates the victim, and executes identity theft, the perpetrator in many of the cases have the access to the information of the victim. The creditor is the personal who is familiar to both the perpetrator and the victim, the creditor support and develop the perpetrator plan. In some of the cases the fourth party is the source of the personal information that is being abused (Whilk, 2003). Types of identity theft Pretexting Pretexting is considered to be one of the forms of Identity Theft; in this exercise one culprit impersonates the victim, such that one calls under the pretext being that person (Richard, 2003). The exercise is normally performed to secure personal information that includes telephone records, and details of bank accounts. According to studies it has been observed that in many of the cases the4 victims are unable to detect their identity theft through pretexting. Credit Card fraud The evolution of internet has made it easier for the interested customers to avail deals through internet. Credit card facilities launched by several banks have tried to facilitate the customers, and have provided them with an easy opportunity to avail deals through electronic transaction via credit card. Unfortunately the sharing of information has often been leaked, and many of the cases of identity theft have been reported. According to study, running up charges on anothers credit card, or passing checks of another, is a form of identity theft. Identity theft is this case is practiced through appropriation of the signature, account number, and other aspects of anothers identity, the purpose of the entire exercise is to secure financial benefits on other expenses through unethical and illegal practice. New account fraud Identity theft has been reported through malpractices related to the opening of new accounts. In such case, the criminal uses the identity of the victim, and then after fulfilling the formalities of credit card companies borrow the money. Criminal identity theft In some of the cases it has been reported that criminals impersonate innocent people after their arrest, and have managed to escape successfully. In such cases, the innocent individual then has criminal record, and in some of the cases arrest warrants have also been issued. It has been researched that it is easier for the criminal to link their personality with the victim, and later manage to escape, however in the police records many such individuals are blacklisted who have reported their ignorance about the incident, and have proved their presence in foreign country at the time of criminal activity. Identity Theft as Abuse In the survey which was conducted in 2004, it was observed that domestic abuse has direct relationship with Identity Theft; it was observed that more than 15 percent reported that they were also victims of domestic harassment and abuse from the perpetrator. Identity theft is also conducted by the strangers, and in some of the cases organized criminal networks are involved in such practices. The identity theft is solely conducted to achieve economic gains through false identity, there it is expected that an authority with financial stability is likely to be the victim, domestic violence is sometimes accompanied by economic abuse, such as controlling access to wealth or destruction of property (John, 2002). Much because it is difficult to trace the culprit involve in the identity theft, the practice is considered to be extremely lucrative for the abuser, where as the malpractice has long lasting and debilitating (Robert, 2003) impact on the status, repute and character of the victim. The survey revealed that, identity theft victims spend a median of one hundred hours rectifying the damage, and lose thousands of dollars in lost wages and other expenses (John, 2002), more than 50 percent of the victim have complained that they are subjected to repeated interrogations and false implications by the law agencies even after 2 years after the revelation of their identity theft, whereas as some reported that they are subjected to false implications for more than decade. According to the Stalking Resource Center at the National Center for the Victims of Crime, explained that stalking as a course of conduct directed at a specific person when one knows or should know that the course of conduct would cause a reasonable person to fear for his or her safety or the safety of a third person; or suffer other emotional distress (Kristin, 2004), therefore stalking can be considered as a derivative of the stalking. The discussed surveillance, pretexting, and credit identity theft are directly related to stalking. Pretexting is not considered as an offence of extreme tribulation for the victim, the pretexter can only secure the right to access the accounts, and telephone record. Therefore the expected threats and damages through pretexter include the cancellation of the victim’s account, electric, gas and credit car accounts. However the cases of identity theft related to credit cards have subjected the victim under serious consequences. The survey report found that, distress caused by credit identity theft is real, the victims report rage and anger; personal financial fears; fears for family financial safety; a sense of powerlessness and of feeling defiled (Kristin, 2004). Preventive Measures The measures to be necessarily adopted by the public to avoid any incident of victimization through identity theft include issuance of the credit report periodically. The public should also ensure that their credit limit is not too high, so that even in case of any manipulation the financial loss can be adjusted. The public should avail the scheme for the monitoring of their credit, through which unexpected financial dealings can be tracked. It has been learnt that Fair Credit Reporting Act has provided the public with an opportunity to place a fraud alert on their credit report, through such scheme the creditors have the right to access to verify their credit. References 1. Kristin Loberg. Identity Theft: How to Protect Your Name, Your Credit and Your Vital Information. Silver Lake Publishing. 2004. 2. Robert J. Hammond, Robert J. Hammond, Jr. Identity Theft: How to Protect Your Most Valuable Asset. Career Press. 2003. 3. John R. Vacca. Identity Theft. Career Press. 2002. 4. Whilk, Nathanael. Identity Theft: Preventing Consumer Terrorism: An Attitudinal Approach. Silver Lake Publishing 2003. 5. Richard M. Stana. Identity Theft: Prevalence Cost Appear to Be Growing. Prentice Hall. 2003.